For airway reconstruction, if you have a particularly long suprastomal stent, patients will often gag and wretch because of some of the disruption of the sensation in the hypopharynx and oropharynx as a result of these caustic injuries, these. Patients sometimes tolerate this a little bit better.
The challenge that we face when we deal with pharyngeal stenosis as it relates to caustic congestion is we not only have to deal with the physical obstruction, but we also have to deal with the altered sensation and altered motor function as well.
QUAD #5 Pharyngeal Scar Management with Dr. Doug von Allmen
▶Ep 21 · 0:52
quoteThe challenge that we face when we deal with pharyngeal stenosis as it relates to caustic congestion is we not only have to deal with the physical obstruction, but we also have to deal with the altered sensation and altered motor function as well.↗
▶Ep 21 · 0:52
clinicalIn pharyngeal stenosis related to caustic ingestion, clinicians must address not only physical obstruction but also altered sensation and altered motor function↗
▶Ep 21 · 1:48
quoteYou can see that there's really extensive scarring in the hypopharynx. There's no discernible esophageal inlet. There's also no discernible laryngeal structures as we retract the laryngoscope, you can see that the base of the tongue is essentially scarred to the hypopharyngeal wall.↗
▶Ep 21 · 1:48
clinicalThe presented patient had extensive scarring in the hypopharynx with no discernible esophageal inlet and no discernible laryngeal structures, with base of tongue scarred to hypopharyngeal wall↗
▶Ep 21 · 2:10
quoteAfter removal of the scar tissue, we have this big raw surface area. And so the question is how do we prevent this from re-scarring?↗
▶Ep 21 · 2:10
clinicalAfter scar tissue removal, the large raw surface area poses a risk of re-scarring↗
▶Ep 21 · 2:19
clinicalSome surgeons have used free mucosal grafts to prevent re-scarring after scar tissue removal↗
▶Ep 21 · 2:22
clinicalA modified suprastomal stent can be placed through the glottis and secured with suture, then wrapped with silastic sheeting to increase the stent diameter in the pharynx↗
▶Ep 21 · 3:09
clinicalPatients with caustic injuries sometimes tolerate suprastomal stents better than airway reconstruction patients because disrupted sensation in the hypopharynx and oropharynx reduces gagging and retching↗
▶Ep 21 · 3:09
quoteFor airway reconstruction, if you have a particularly long suprastomal stent, patients will often gag and wretch because of some of the disruption of the sensation in the hypopharynx and oropharynx as a result of these caustic injuries, these. Patients sometimes tolerate this a little bit better.↗
▶Ep 21 · 3:36
clinicalAt one-year follow-up, the presented patient maintained a fairly decent opening to the glottis but remains tracheostomy and G-tube dependent↗
▶Ep 21 · 3:53
clinicalThe patient underwent colon interposition and was able to get PO taste with improved secretion management, but continues to have swallowing dysfunction↗
▶Ep 21 · 3:53
quoteWe did undergo a colon interposition and it was able to get PO taste and certainly has improved management of the secretions, but these can be difficult cases in terms of their long-term outcomes and swallowing dysfunction.↗
▶Ep 21 · 4:15
clinicalIn the oropharynx and hypopharynx, a larger caliber balloon is needed for dilation↗
▶Ep 21 · 4:46
clinicalRotational flaps and free flaps can be used to help break up scarring in pharyngeal stenosis↗
▶Ep 21 · 5:04
clinicalZ-plasty technique can be used to break up scar orientation by rotating mucosal flaps↗
▶Ep 21 · 5:13
quoteIt's helpful to do this in a staged fashion so that you're not creating circumferential scarring again.↗
▶Ep 21 · 5:13
clinicalStaged procedures are helpful to avoid creating circumferential scarring again↗
▶Ep 21 · 5:35
clinicalMany pharyngeal stenosis patients require tracheostomy, often due to extensive supraglottic scarring↗
▶Ep 21 · 6:03
clinicalInvolvement of speech language pathologists and pulmonary colleagues is important to help manage the sequelae of aspiration↗
▶Ep 21 · 6:11
clinicalPharyngeal stenosis patients warrant long-term surveillance as there is suggestion they may be at increased risk for malignancy, and surveillance for neoplasm development is helpful↗
▶Ep 21 · 6:15
quoteThere is some suggestion that these patients can be at increased risk for malignancy down the road and surveillance for neoplasm development is helpful.↗
Douglas's statements about Aspiration22 statements
QUAD #5 Pharyngeal Scar Management with Dr. Doug von Allmen
▶Ep 4 · 0:52
clinicalIn pharyngeal stenosis related to caustic ingestion, clinicians must address not only physical obstruction but also altered sensation and altered motor function↗
▶Ep 4 · 0:52
quoteThe challenge that we face when we deal with pharyngeal stenosis as it relates to caustic congestion is we not only have to deal with the physical obstruction, but we also have to deal with the altered sensation and altered motor function as well.↗
▶Ep 4 · 1:48
quoteYou can see that there's really extensive scarring in the hypopharynx. There's no discernible esophageal inlet. There's also no discernible laryngeal structures as we retract the laryngoscope, you can see that the base of the tongue is essentially scarred to the hypopharyngeal wall.↗
▶Ep 4 · 1:48
clinicalThe presented patient had extensive scarring in the hypopharynx with no discernible esophageal inlet and no discernible laryngeal structures, with base of tongue scarred to hypopharyngeal wall↗
▶Ep 4 · 2:10
clinicalAfter scar tissue removal, the large raw surface area poses a risk of re-scarring↗
▶Ep 4 · 2:10
quoteAfter removal of the scar tissue, we have this big raw surface area. And so the question is how do we prevent this from re-scarring?↗
▶Ep 4 · 2:19
clinicalSome surgeons have used free mucosal grafts to prevent re-scarring after scar tissue removal↗
▶Ep 4 · 2:22
clinicalA modified suprastomal stent can be placed through the glottis and secured with suture, then wrapped with silastic sheeting to increase the stent diameter in the pharynx↗
▶Ep 4 · 3:09
clinicalPatients with caustic injuries sometimes tolerate suprastomal stents better than airway reconstruction patients because disrupted sensation in the hypopharynx and oropharynx reduces gagging and retching↗
▶Ep 4 · 3:09
quoteFor airway reconstruction, if you have a particularly long suprastomal stent, patients will often gag and wretch because of some of the disruption of the sensation in the hypopharynx and oropharynx as a result of these caustic injuries, these. Patients sometimes tolerate this a little bit better.↗
▶Ep 4 · 3:36
clinicalAt one-year follow-up, the presented patient maintained a fairly decent opening to the glottis but remains tracheostomy and G-tube dependent↗
▶Ep 4 · 3:53
clinicalThe patient underwent colon interposition and was able to get PO taste with improved secretion management, but continues to have swallowing dysfunction↗
▶Ep 4 · 3:53
quoteWe did undergo a colon interposition and it was able to get PO taste and certainly has improved management of the secretions, but these can be difficult cases in terms of their long-term outcomes and swallowing dysfunction.↗
▶Ep 4 · 4:15
clinicalIn the oropharynx and hypopharynx, a larger caliber balloon is needed for dilation↗
▶Ep 4 · 4:46
clinicalRotational flaps and free flaps can be used to help break up scarring in pharyngeal stenosis↗
▶Ep 4 · 5:04
clinicalZ-plasty technique can be used to break up scar orientation by rotating mucosal flaps↗
▶Ep 4 · 5:13
quoteIt's helpful to do this in a staged fashion so that you're not creating circumferential scarring again.↗
▶Ep 4 · 5:13
clinicalStaged procedures are helpful to avoid creating circumferential scarring again↗
▶Ep 4 · 5:35
clinicalMany pharyngeal stenosis patients require tracheostomy, often due to extensive supraglottic scarring↗
▶Ep 4 · 6:03
clinicalInvolvement of speech language pathologists and pulmonary colleagues is important to help manage the sequelae of aspiration↗
▶Ep 4 · 6:11
clinicalPharyngeal stenosis patients warrant long-term surveillance as there is suggestion they may be at increased risk for malignancy, and surveillance for neoplasm development is helpful↗
▶Ep 4 · 6:15
quoteThere is some suggestion that these patients can be at increased risk for malignancy down the road and surveillance for neoplasm development is helpful.↗
Douglas's statements about Esophageal Atresia12 statements
Update Course Rewind 2025: The Recurrent TEF Problem
▶Ep 76 · 0:34
quoteThis was a 7-year-old who came to us, had a history of TEF EA, had a repair, and was having chronic cough as well as food impaction.↗
▶Ep 76 · 0:34
clinicalA 7-year-old patient with history of TEF-EA repair presented with chronic cough and food impaction.↗
▶Ep 76 · 0:43
clinicalThe patient was referred for esophageal diverticulum and airway evaluation was performed.↗
▶Ep 76 · 0:43
quoteShe was referred for the esophageal diverticulum, but we were involved to evaluate the airway as well.↗
▶Ep 76 · 0:53
clinicalEsophagoscopy showed a ledge formation at the esophageal anastomosis with a dilated upper pouch.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:06
opinionSecond fistulas or H-type fistulas can be very difficult to manage endoscopically.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:06
quoteSecond fistulas or H-type fistulas can be really hard to deal with endoscopically sometimes.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:30
clinicalThe transtracheal technique involves performing a distal tracheotomy, using bronchoscopy to localize the fistula level, then making a tracheotomy over the fistula and working through it to divide the esophageal layers.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:49
epidemiologicalRecurrent laryngeal nerve injury is underreported.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:49
quoteRecurrent laryngeal nerve injury is underreported.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:52
quoteIf it is a true paralysis over time, that muscle atrophies, they have long term voice problems and potentially have issues with aspiration.↗
▶Ep 76 · 1:52
clinicalTrue recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis leads to muscle atrophy over time, resulting in long-term voice problems and potential aspiration issues.↗
Douglas's statements about Lymphatic Malformation13 statements
Update Course Rewind 2025: Neck Pathologies - The Diagnostic Challenge
▶Ep 5 · 1:14
quoteIt can be really hard to differentiate a giant granula from a lymphatic malformation.↗
▶Ep 5 · 1:14
clinicalIt can be really hard to differentiate a giant ranula from a lymphatic malformation.↗
▶Ep 5 · 1:24
clinicalThe lab tends to have trouble running thick fluid from aspirated neck masses.↗
▶Ep 5 · 1:24
quoteThe lab tends to have trouble running this thick fluid.↗
▶Ep 5 · 1:28
clinicalLymphatic malformations near glandular tissue can have leaching of saliva into them, resulting in false positive amylase testing.↗
▶Ep 5 · 1:28
quoteAnd you can also have lymphatic malformations near glandular tissue that have leaching of the saliva into it and you get a false positive.↗
▶Ep 5 · 2:10
guidelineRemoval of the sublingual gland has been the best practice for ranula treatment.↗
▶Ep 5 · 2:10
quoteSo from a granular perspective, removal of the sublingual gland has been the best practice.↗
▶Ep 5 · 2:16
quoteWhen you have a cervical component, you can aspirate that and as long as you remove the sublingual gland, it should go away.↗
▶Ep 5 · 2:16
clinicalWhen a ranula has a cervical component, you can aspirate that and as long as you remove the sublingual gland, it should go away.↗
▶Ep 5 · 2:25
clinicalMicromarsupialization is a new technique for treating ranula with an intraoral component, involving placement of silk sutures through the cyst for 30 days to develop a fistula that spontaneously drains into the mouth.↗
▶Ep 5 · 2:53
clinicalGene panels now guide medical therapy for lymphatic malformations, particularly PIK3CA mutations which suggest that alpelisib (a PI3K alpha inhibitor) can be useful.↗
▶Ep 5 · 3:15
clinicalFor congenital developmental neck masses, you have to deal with the embryological component and etiology to prevent recurrence, not just excise the mass.↗
Douglas's statements about Tracheoesophageal Fistula12 statements
Update Course Rewind 2025: The Recurrent TEF Problem
▶Ep 32 · 0:34
quoteThis was a 7-year-old who came to us, had a history of TEF EA, had a repair, and was having chronic cough as well as food impaction.↗
▶Ep 32 · 0:34
clinicalA 7-year-old patient with history of TEF-EA repair presented with chronic cough and food impaction.↗
▶Ep 32 · 0:43
quoteShe was referred for the esophageal diverticulum, but we were involved to evaluate the airway as well.↗
▶Ep 32 · 0:43
clinicalThe patient was referred for esophageal diverticulum and airway evaluation was performed.↗
▶Ep 32 · 0:53
clinicalEsophagoscopy showed a ledge formation at the esophageal anastomosis with a dilated upper pouch.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:06
quoteSecond fistulas or H-type fistulas can be really hard to deal with endoscopically sometimes.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:06
opinionSecond fistulas or H-type fistulas can be very difficult to manage endoscopically.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:30
clinicalThe transtracheal technique involves performing a distal tracheotomy, using bronchoscopy to localize the fistula level, then making a tracheotomy over the fistula and working through it to divide the esophageal layers.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:49
quoteRecurrent laryngeal nerve injury is underreported.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:49
epidemiologicalRecurrent laryngeal nerve injury is underreported.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:52
clinicalTrue recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis leads to muscle atrophy over time, resulting in long-term voice problems and potential aspiration issues.↗
▶Ep 32 · 1:52
quoteIf it is a true paralysis over time, that muscle atrophies, they have long term voice problems and potentially have issues with aspiration.↗